add: devoluciones wip

.gitignore

@@ -24,3 +24,4 @@ yarn-error.log
 /.nova
 /.vscode
 /.zed
+CLAUDE.md

app/Http/Controllers/App/ReturnController.php

@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\App;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Http\Requests\App\ReturnStoreRequest;
+use App\Services\ReturnService;
+use App\Models\Returns;
+use App\Models\Sale;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Notsoweb\ApiResponse\Enums\ApiResponse;
+
+class ReturnController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        protected ReturnService $returnService
+    ) {}
+
+    /**
+     * Listar devoluciones
+     */
+    public function index(Request $request)
+    {
+        $query = Returns::with([
+            'sale',
+            'user',
+            'cashRegister',
+            'details.inventory',
+        ])->orderBy('created_at', 'desc');
+
+        // Filtros
+        if ($request->has('q') && $request->q) {
+            $query->where('return_number', 'like', "%{$request->q}%")
+                ->orWhereHas('sale', fn ($q) =>
+                    $q->where('invoice_number', 'like', "%{$request->q}%")
+                );
+        }
+
+        if ($request->has('sale_id')) {
+            $query->where('sale_id', $request->sale_id);
+        }
+
+        if ($request->has('reason')) {
+            $query->where('reason', $request->reason);
+        }
+
+        if ($request->has('cash_register_id')) {
+            $query->where('cash_register_id', $request->cash_register_id);
+        }
+
+        if ($request->has('from') && $request->has('to')) {
+            $query->whereBetween('created_at', [$request->from, $request->to]);
+        }
+
+        $returns = $query->paginate(config('app.pagination', 15));
+
+        return ApiResponse::OK->response([
+            'returns' => $returns,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Ver detalle de una devolución
+     */
+    public function show(Returns $return)
+    {
+        $return->load([
+            'details.inventory',
+            'details.serials',
+            'sale.details',
+            'user',
+            'cashRegister',
+        ]);
+
+        return ApiResponse::OK->response([
+            'model' => $return,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Crear nueva devolución
+     */
+    public function store(ReturnStoreRequest $request)
+    {
+        try {
+            $return = $this->returnService->createReturn($request->validated());
+
+            return ApiResponse::CREATED->response([
+                'model' => $return,
+                'message' => 'Devolución procesada exitosamente. Reembolso: $'.number_format($return->total, 2),
+            ]);
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            return ApiResponse::BAD_REQUEST->response([
+                'message' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cancelar una devolución (caso excepcional)
+     */
+    public function cancel(Returns $return)
+    {
+        try {
+            $cancelledReturn = $this->returnService->cancelReturn($return);
+
+            return ApiResponse::OK->response([
+                'model' => $cancelledReturn,
+                'message' => 'Devolución cancelada exitosamente. Productos restaurados a vendido.',
+            ]);
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            return ApiResponse::BAD_REQUEST->response([
+                'message' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Obtener items elegibles para devolución de una venta
+     */
+    public function returnable(Sale $sale)
+    {
+        try {
+            $returnableItems = $this->returnService->getReturnableItems($sale);
+
+            return ApiResponse::OK->response([
+                'sale' => $sale->load('cashRegister'),
+                'returnable_items' => $returnableItems,
+            ]);
+        } catch (\Exception $e) {
+            return ApiResponse::BAD_REQUEST->response([
+                'message' => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
+    }
+}

app/Http/Requests/App/ReturnStoreRequest.php

@@ -0,0 +1,152 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Requests\App;
+
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Http\FormRequest;
+use App\Models\Sale;
+use App\Models\SaleDetail;
+use App\Models\ReturnDetail;
+use App\Models\InventorySerial;
+
+class ReturnStoreRequest extends FormRequest
+{
+    public function authorize(): bool
+    {
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function rules(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'sale_id' => ['required', 'exists:sales,id'],
+            'user_id' => ['required', 'exists:users,id'],
+            'cash_register_id' => ['nullable', 'exists:cash_registers,id'],
+            'reason' => ['required', 'in:defective,wrong_product,change_of_mind,damaged,other'],
+            'refund_method' => ['nullable', 'in:cash,credit_card,debit_card'],
+            'notes' => ['nullable', 'string', 'max:500'],
+
+            // Items a devolver
+            'items' => ['required', 'array', 'min:1'],
+            'items.*.sale_detail_id' => ['required', 'exists:sale_details,id'],
+            'items.*.quantity_returned' => ['required', 'integer', 'min:1'],
+            'items.*.serial_numbers' => ['nullable', 'array'],
+            'items.*.serial_numbers.*' => ['string', 'exists:inventory_serials,serial_number'],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function messages(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'sale_id.required' => 'La venta es obligatoria.',
+            'sale_id.exists' => 'La venta seleccionada no existe.',
+            'reason.required' => 'El motivo de devolución es obligatorio.',
+            'reason.in' => 'El motivo debe ser: defectuoso, producto incorrecto, cambio de opinión, dañado u otro.',
+            'refund_method.in' => 'El método de reembolso debe ser: efectivo, tarjeta de crédito o débito.',
+
+            'items.required' => 'Debe incluir al menos un producto a devolver.',
+            'items.min' => 'Debe incluir al menos un producto.',
+            'items.*.sale_detail_id.required' => 'El detalle de venta es obligatorio.',
+            'items.*.sale_detail_id.exists' => 'El detalle de venta no existe.',
+            'items.*.quantity_returned.required' => 'La cantidad devuelta es obligatoria.',
+            'items.*.quantity_returned.integer' => 'La cantidad debe ser un número entero.',
+            'items.*.quantity_returned.min' => 'La cantidad debe ser al menos 1.',
+        ];
+    }
+
+    public function withValidator($validator)
+    {
+        $validator->after(function ($validator) {
+            // 1. Validar que la venta exista y esté completada
+            $sale = Sale::find($this->sale_id);
+
+            if (!$sale) {
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if ($sale->status !== 'completed') {
+                $validator->errors()->add(
+                    'sale_id',
+                    'Solo se pueden devolver productos de ventas completadas.'
+                );
+
+                return;
+            }
+
+            // 2. Validar que refund_method coincida con payment_method (si se especifica)
+            if ($this->refund_method && $this->refund_method !== $sale->payment_method) {
+                $validator->errors()->add(
+                    'refund_method',
+                    "El método de reembolso debe coincidir con el método de pago original ({$sale->payment_method})."
+                );
+            }
+
+            // 3. Validar cada item
+            foreach ($this->items ?? [] as $index => $item) {
+                $saleDetail = SaleDetail::find($item['sale_detail_id']);
+
+                if (!$saleDetail) {
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Validar que el sale_detail pertenece a la venta
+                if ($saleDetail->sale_id !== $sale->id) {
+                    $validator->errors()->add(
+                        "items.{$index}.sale_detail_id",
+                        'El producto no pertenece a esta venta.'
+                    );
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                // Validar cantidades
+                $alreadyReturned = ReturnDetail::where('sale_detail_id', $saleDetail->id)
+                    ->sum('quantity_returned');
+
+                $maxReturnable = $saleDetail->quantity - $alreadyReturned;
+
+                if ($item['quantity_returned'] > $maxReturnable) {
+                    $validator->errors()->add(
+                        "items.{$index}.quantity_returned",
+                        "Solo puedes devolver {$maxReturnable} unidades de {$saleDetail->product_name}. " .
+                            "Ya se devolvieron {$alreadyReturned} de {$saleDetail->quantity} vendidas."
+                    );
+                }
+
+                // Validar seriales si fueron especificados
+                if (isset($item['serial_numbers'])) {
+                    if (count($item['serial_numbers']) !== $item['quantity_returned']) {
+                        $validator->errors()->add(
+                            "items.{$index}.serial_numbers",
+                            "Debes especificar exactamente {$item['quantity_returned']} números de serie."
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    foreach ($item['serial_numbers'] as $serialIndex => $serialNumber) {
+                        $serial = InventorySerial::where('serial_number', $serialNumber)
+                            ->where('sale_detail_id', $saleDetail->id)
+                            ->where('status', 'vendido')
+                            ->first();
+
+                        if (!$serial) {
+                            $validator->errors()->add(
+                                "items.{$index}.serial_numbers.{$serialIndex}",
+                                "El serial {$serialNumber} no pertenece a esta venta o ya fue devuelto."
+                            );
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // 4. Validar caja registradora si se especificó
+            if ($this->cash_register_id) {
+                $cashRegister = \App\Models\CashRegister::find($this->cash_register_id);
+
+                if ($cashRegister && !$cashRegister->isOpen()) {
+                    $validator->errors()->add(
+                        'cash_register_id',
+                        'La caja registradora debe estar abierta para procesar devoluciones.'
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        });
+    }
+}

app/Models/CashRegister.php

@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ class CashRegister extends Model
         'difference',
         'total_sales',
         'sales_count',
+        'total_returns',
+        'cash_returns',
+        'card_returns',
+        'returns_count',
         'notes',
         'status',
     ];
@@ -28,6 +32,9 @@ class CashRegister extends Model
         'expected_cash' => 'decimal:2',
         'difference' => 'decimal:2',
         'total_sales' => 'decimal:2',
+        'total_returns' => 'decimal:2',
+        'cash_returns' => 'decimal:2',
+        'card_returns' => 'decimal:2',
     ];
 
     public function user()
@@ -40,6 +47,11 @@ public function sales()
         return $this->hasMany(Sale::class);
     }
 
+    public function returns()
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(Returns::class, 'cash_register_id');
+    }
+
     /**
      * Verificar si la caja está abierta
      */

app/Models/InventorySerial.php

@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ class InventorySerial extends Model
         'serial_number',
         'status',
         'sale_detail_id',
+        'return_detail_id',
         'notes',
     ];
 
@@ -32,6 +33,11 @@ public function saleDetail()
         return $this->belongsTo(SaleDetail::class);
     }
 
+    public function returnDetail()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(ReturnDetail::class);
+    }
+
     /**
      * Verificar si el serial está disponible
      */
@@ -61,4 +67,35 @@ public function markAsAvailable(): void
             'sale_detail_id' => null,
         ]);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Marcar como devuelto
+     */
+    public function markAsReturned(int $returnDetailId): void
+    {
+        $this->update([
+            'status' => 'devuelto',
+            'return_detail_id' => $returnDetailId,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Restaurar a disponible desde devuelto
+     */
+    public function restoreFromReturn(): void
+    {
+        $this->update([
+            'status' => 'disponible',
+            'sale_detail_id' => null,
+            'return_detail_id' => null,
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verificar si el serial está devuelto
+     */
+    public function isReturned(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->status === 'devuelto';
+    }
 }

app/Models/ReturnDetail.php

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<?php namespace App\Models;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+
+class ReturnDetail extends Model
+{
+    protected $fillable = [
+        'return_id',
+        'sale_detail_id',
+        'inventory_id',
+        'product_name',
+        'quantity_returned',
+        'unit_price',
+        'subtotal',
+    ];
+
+    protected $casts = [
+        'unit_price' => 'decimal:2',
+        'subtotal' => 'decimal:2',
+        'quantity_returned' => 'integer',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Relación con devolución principal
+     */
+    public function return()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Returns::class, 'return_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Relación con detalle de venta original
+     */
+    public function saleDetail()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(SaleDetail::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Relación con inventario
+     */
+    public function inventory()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Inventory::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Seriales devueltos en este detalle
+     */
+    public function serials()
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(InventorySerial::class, 'return_detail_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Obtener números de serie devueltos
+     */
+    public function getSerialNumbersAttribute(): array
+    {
+        return $this->serials()->pluck('serial_number')->toArray();
+    }
+}

app/Models/Returns.php

@@ -0,0 +1,76 @@
+<?php namespace App\Models;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
+
+class Returns extends Model
+{
+    use SoftDeletes;
+
+    protected $fillable = [
+        'sale_id',
+        'user_id',
+        'cash_register_id',
+        'return_number',
+        'subtotal',
+        'tax',
+        'total',
+        'refund_method',
+        'reason',
+        'notes'
+    ];
+
+    protected $casts = [
+        'subtotal' => 'decimal:2',
+        'tax' => 'decimal:2',
+        'total' => 'decimal:2',
+        'created_at' => 'datetime',
+    ];
+
+    /**
+     * Relación con la venta original
+     */
+    public function sale()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(Sale::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Relación con usuario que procesó la devolución
+     */
+    public function user()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Relación con caja registradora
+     */
+    public function cashRegister()
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(CashRegister::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Detalles de la devolución
+     */
+    public function details()
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(ReturnDetail::class, 'return_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Obtener texto descriptivo de la razón
+     */
+    public function getReasonTextAttribute(): string
+    {
+        return match($this->reason) {
+            'defective' => 'Producto defectuoso',
+            'wrong_product' => 'Producto incorrecto',
+            'change_of_mind' => 'Cambio de opinión',
+            'damaged' => 'Producto dañado',
+            'other' => 'Otra razón',
+            default => 'No especificado',
+        };
+    }
+}

app/Models/Sale.php

@@ -56,4 +56,36 @@ public function client()
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Client::class);
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Devoluciones asociadas a esta venta
+     */
+    public function returns()
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(Returns::class, 'sale_id');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Total devuelto de esta venta
+     */
+    public function getTotalReturnedAttribute(): float
+    {
+        return (float) $this->returns()->sum('total');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verificar si la venta tiene devoluciones
+     */
+    public function hasReturns(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->returns()->exists();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Total neto (total - devoluciones)
+     */
+    public function getNetTotalAttribute(): float
+    {
+        return (float) ($this->total - $this->getTotalReturnedAttribute());
+    }
 }

app/Models/SaleDetail.php

@@ -51,4 +51,44 @@ public function getSerialNumbersAttribute(): array
     {
         return $this->serials()->pluck('serial_number')->toArray();
     }
+
+    /**
+     * Devoluciones de este detalle
+     */
+    public function returnDetails()
+    {
+        return $this->hasMany(ReturnDetail::class);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cantidad total devuelta
+     */
+    public function getQuantityReturnedAttribute(): int
+    {
+        return $this->returnDetails()->sum('quantity_returned');
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cantidad restante (no devuelta)
+     */
+    public function getQuantityRemainingAttribute(): int
+    {
+        return $this->quantity - $this->getQuantityReturnedAttribute();
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Verificar si se puede devolver más
+     */
+    public function canReturn(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->getQuantityRemainingAttribute() > 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cantidad máxima que se puede devolver
+     */
+    public function getMaxReturnableQuantityAttribute(): int
+    {
+        return $this->getQuantityRemainingAttribute();
+    }
 }

app/Services/CashRegisterService.php

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@
 
 use App\Models\CashRegister;
 use App\Models\Sale;
+use App\Models\Returns;
 
 class CashRegisterService
 {
@@ -38,19 +39,29 @@ public function closeRegister(CashRegister $register, array $data)
             ->where('status', 'completed')
             ->get();
 
+        // Calcular devoluciones
+        $returns = Returns::where('cash_register_id', $register->id)->get();
+
         // Calcular efectivo real (recibido - devuelto)
         $cashSales = $sales->where('payment_method', 'cash')
             ->sum(function ($sale) {
                 return ($sale->cash_received ?? 0) - ($sale->change ?? 0);
             });
 
+        // Efectivo de devoluciones
+        $cashReturns = $returns->where('refund_method', 'cash')->sum('total');
+
+        // Devoluciones por tarjeta
+        $cardReturns = $returns->whereIn('refund_method', ['credit_card', 'debit_card'])->sum('total');
+
         $totalCashReceived = $sales->where('payment_method', 'cash')->sum('cash_received');
         $totalChangeGiven = $sales->where('payment_method', 'cash')->sum('change');
         $cardSales = $sales->whereIn('payment_method', ['credit_card', 'debit_card'])->sum('total');
         $totalSales = $sales->sum('total');
+        $totalReturns = $returns->sum('total');
 
-        // Efectivo esperado
+        // Efectivo esperado (ajustado por devoluciones)
-        $expectedCash = $register->initial_cash + $cashSales;
+        $expectedCash = $register->initial_cash + $cashSales - $cashReturns;
 
         // Diferencia (sobrante o faltante)
         $difference = $data['final_cash'] - $expectedCash;
@@ -66,6 +77,13 @@ public function closeRegister(CashRegister $register, array $data)
             'card_sales' => $cardSales,
             'total_cash_received' => $totalCashReceived,
             'total_change_given' => $totalChangeGiven,
+
+            // Campos nuevos de devoluciones
+            'total_returns' => $totalReturns,
+            'cash_returns' => $cashReturns,
+            'card_returns' => $cardReturns,
+            'returns_count' => $returns->count(),
+
             'notes' => $data['notes'] ?? null,
             'status' => 'closed',
         ]);
@@ -82,12 +100,19 @@ public function getCurrentSummary(CashRegister $register)
             ->where('status', 'completed')
             ->get();
 
+        $returns = Returns::where('cash_register_id', $register->id)->get();
+
         // Calcular efectivo real en caja (recibido - devuelto)
         $cashSales = $sales->where('payment_method', 'cash')
             ->sum(function ($sale) {
                 return ($sale->cash_received ?? 0) - ($sale->change ?? 0);
             });
 
+        // Devoluciones
+        $cashReturns = $returns->where('refund_method', 'cash')->sum('total');
+        $cardReturns = $returns->whereIn('refund_method', ['credit_card', 'debit_card'])->sum('total');
+        $totalReturns = $returns->sum('total');
+
         // Confirmación, envio de los totales
         $totalCashReceived = $sales->where('payment_method', 'cash')->sum('cash_received');
         $totalChangeGiven = $sales->where('payment_method', 'cash')->sum('change');
@@ -110,12 +135,21 @@ public function getCurrentSummary(CashRegister $register)
             'cash_sales' => (float) $cashSales,
             'card_sales' => (float) $cardSales,
 
+            // Totales de devoluciones
+            'total_returns' => (float) $totalReturns,
+            'cash_returns' => (float) $cashReturns,
+            'card_returns' => (float) $cardReturns,
+            'returns_count' => $returns->count(),
+
             //Desglose de efectivo
             'total_cash_received' => (float) $totalCashReceived,
             'total_change_given' => (float) $totalChangeGiven,
 
-            // Efectivo esperado
+            // Efectivo esperado (ajustado por devoluciones en efectivo)
-            'expected_cash' => (float) ($register->initial_cash + $cashSales)
+            'expected_cash' => (float) ($register->initial_cash + $cashSales - $cashReturns),
+
+            // Ventas netas (después de devoluciones)
+            'net_sales' => (float) ($totalSales - $totalReturns),
         ];
     }
 }

app/Services/ReturnService.php

@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Models\Returns;
+use App\Models\ReturnDetail;
+use App\Models\Sale;
+use App\Models\SaleDetail;
+use App\Models\InventorySerial;
+use App\Models\CashRegister;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+class ReturnService
+{
+    /**
+     * Crear una nueva devolución con sus detalles
+     */
+    public function createReturn(array $data): Returns
+    {
+        return DB::transaction(function () use ($data) {
+            // 1. Validaciones de negocio
+            $sale = Sale::with(['details.serials', 'cashRegister'])->findOrFail($data['sale_id']);
+
+            if ($sale->status !== 'completed') {
+                throw new \Exception('Solo se pueden devolver productos de ventas completadas.');
+            }
+
+            // Validar que la caja esté abierta si se especificó cash_register_id
+            if (isset($data['cash_register_id'])) {
+                $cashRegister = CashRegister::findOrFail($data['cash_register_id']);
+                if (!$cashRegister->isOpen()) {
+                    throw new \Exception('La caja registradora debe estar abierta para procesar devoluciones.');
+                }
+            }
+
+            // 2. Calcular totales
+            $subtotal = 0;
+            $tax = 0;
+
+            foreach ($data['items'] as $item) {
+                $saleDetail = SaleDetail::findOrFail($item['sale_detail_id']);
+
+                // Validar que no se devuelva más de lo vendido (restando lo ya devuelto)
+                $alreadyReturned = ReturnDetail::where('sale_detail_id', $saleDetail->id)
+                    ->sum('quantity_returned');
+
+                $maxReturnable = $saleDetail->quantity - $alreadyReturned;
+
+                if ($item['quantity_returned'] > $maxReturnable) {
+                    throw new \Exception(
+                        "Solo puedes devolver {$maxReturnable} unidades de {$saleDetail->product_name}. " .
+                        "Ya se devolvieron {$alreadyReturned} de {$saleDetail->quantity} vendidas."
+                    );
+                }
+
+                $itemSubtotal = $saleDetail->unit_price * $item['quantity_returned'];
+                $subtotal += $itemSubtotal;
+            }
+
+            // Calcular impuesto proporcional
+            if ($sale->subtotal > 0) {
+                $taxRate = $sale->tax / $sale->subtotal;
+                $tax = $subtotal * $taxRate;
+            }
+
+            $total = $subtotal + $tax;
+
+            // 3. Crear registro de devolución
+            $return = Returns::create([
+                'sale_id' => $sale->id,
+                'user_id' => $data['user_id'],
+                'cash_register_id' => $data['cash_register_id'] ?? $this->getCurrentCashRegister($data['user_id']),
+                'return_number' => $this->generateReturnNumber(),
+                'subtotal' => $subtotal,
+                'tax' => $tax,
+                'total' => $total,
+                'refund_method' => $data['refund_method'] ?? $sale->payment_method,
+                'reason' => $data['reason'],
+                'notes' => $data['notes'] ?? null,
+            ]);
+
+            // 4. Crear detalles y restaurar seriales
+            foreach ($data['items'] as $item) {
+                $saleDetail = SaleDetail::findOrFail($item['sale_detail_id']);
+
+                $returnDetail = ReturnDetail::create([
+                    'return_id' => $return->id,
+                    'sale_detail_id' => $saleDetail->id,
+                    'inventory_id' => $saleDetail->inventory_id,
+                    'product_name' => $saleDetail->product_name,
+                    'quantity_returned' => $item['quantity_returned'],
+                    'unit_price' => $saleDetail->unit_price,
+                    'subtotal' => $saleDetail->unit_price * $item['quantity_returned'],
+                ]);
+
+                // Gestionar seriales
+                if (isset($item['serial_numbers']) && is_array($item['serial_numbers'])) {
+                    // Seriales específicos proporcionados
+                    foreach ($item['serial_numbers'] as $serialNumber) {
+                        $serial = InventorySerial::where('serial_number', $serialNumber)
+                            ->where('sale_detail_id', $saleDetail->id)
+                            ->where('status', 'vendido')
+                            ->first();
+
+                        if (!$serial) {
+                            throw new \Exception(
+                                "El serial {$serialNumber} no pertenece a esta venta o ya fue devuelto."
+                            );
+                        }
+
+                        // Marcar como devuelto y vincular a devolución
+                        $serial->markAsReturned($returnDetail->id);
+
+                        // Luego restaurar a disponible
+                        $serial->restoreFromReturn();
+                    }
+                } else {
+                    // Seleccionar automáticamente los primeros N seriales vendidos
+                    $serials = InventorySerial::where('sale_detail_id', $saleDetail->id)
+                        ->where('status', 'vendido')
+                        ->limit($item['quantity_returned'])
+                        ->get();
+
+                    if ($serials->count() < $item['quantity_returned']) {
+                        throw new \Exception(
+                            "No hay suficientes seriales disponibles para devolver de {$saleDetail->product_name}"
+                        );
+                    }
+
+                    foreach ($serials as $serial) {
+                        $serial->markAsReturned($returnDetail->id);
+                        $serial->restoreFromReturn();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                // Sincronizar el stock del inventario
+                $saleDetail->inventory->syncStock();
+            }
+
+            // 5. Retornar con relaciones cargadas
+            return $return->load([
+                'details.inventory',
+                'details.serials',
+                'sale',
+                'user',
+            ]);
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cancelar una devolución (caso excepcional, restaurar venta)
+     */
+    public function cancelReturn(Returns $return): Returns
+    {
+        return DB::transaction(function () use ($return) {
+            // Restaurar seriales a estado vendido
+            foreach ($return->details as $detail) {
+                $serials = InventorySerial::where('return_detail_id', $detail->id)->get();
+
+                foreach ($serials as $serial) {
+                    $serial->update([
+                        'status' => 'vendido',
+                        'sale_detail_id' => $detail->sale_detail_id,
+                        'return_detail_id' => null,
+                    ]);
+                }
+
+                // Sincronizar stock
+                $detail->inventory->syncStock();
+            }
+
+            // Eliminar la devolución (soft delete)
+            $return->delete();
+
+            return $return->fresh(['details.inventory', 'details.serials', 'sale']);
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Obtener items elegibles para devolución de una venta
+     */
+    public function getReturnableItems(Sale $sale): array
+    {
+        if ($sale->status !== 'completed') {
+            throw new \Exception('Solo se pueden ver items de ventas completadas.');
+        }
+
+        $returnableItems = [];
+
+        foreach ($sale->details as $detail) {
+            $alreadyReturned = ReturnDetail::where('sale_detail_id', $detail->id)
+                ->sum('quantity_returned');
+
+            $maxReturnable = $detail->quantity - $alreadyReturned;
+
+            if ($maxReturnable > 0) {
+                // Obtener seriales vendidos que aún no han sido devueltos
+                $availableSerials = InventorySerial::where('sale_detail_id', $detail->id)
+                    ->where('status', 'vendido')
+                    ->get()
+                    ->map(fn ($serial) => [
+                        'serial_number' => $serial->serial_number,
+                        'status' => $serial->status,
+                    ]);
+
+                $returnableItems[] = [
+                    'sale_detail_id' => $detail->id,
+                    'inventory_id' => $detail->inventory_id,
+                    'product_name' => $detail->product_name,
+                    'quantity_sold' => $detail->quantity,
+                    'quantity_already_returned' => $alreadyReturned,
+                    'quantity_returnable' => $maxReturnable,
+                    'unit_price' => $detail->unit_price,
+                    'available_serials' => $availableSerials,
+                ];
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $returnableItems;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Generar número de devolución único
+     * Formato: RET-YYYYMMDD-0001
+     */
+    private function generateReturnNumber(): string
+    {
+        $prefix = 'DEV-';
+        $date = now()->format('Ymd');
+
+        $lastReturn = Returns::whereDate('created_at', today())
+            ->orderBy('id', 'desc')
+            ->first();
+
+        $sequential = $lastReturn
+            ? (intval(substr($lastReturn->return_number, -4)) + 1)
+            : 1;
+
+        return $prefix . $date . '-' . str_pad($sequential, 4, '0', STR_PAD_LEFT);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Obtener caja registradora activa del usuario
+     */
+    private function getCurrentCashRegister($userId): ?int
+    {
+        $register = CashRegister::where('user_id', $userId)
+            ->where('status', 'open')
+            ->first();
+
+        return $register?->id;
+    }
+}

app/Services/SaleService.php

@@ -108,6 +108,11 @@ public function cancelSale(Sale $sale)
                 throw new \Exception('Solo se pueden cancelar ventas completadas.');
             }
 
+            // Verificar que la venta no tenga devoluciones procesadas
+            if ($sale->returns()->exists()) {
+                throw new \Exception('No se puede cancelar una venta que tiene devoluciones procesadas.');
+            }
+
             // Restaurar seriales a disponible
             foreach ($sale->details as $detail) {
                 $serials = InventorySerial::where('sale_detail_id', $detail->id)->get();

database/migrations/2026_01_25_163037_create_returns_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('returns', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('sale_id')->constrained()->onDelete('restrict');
+            $table->foreignId('user_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
+            $table->foreignId('cash_register_id')->nullable()->constrained()->onDelete('restrict');
+            $table->string('return_number')->unique();
+            $table->decimal('subtotal', 10, 2);
+            $table->decimal('tax', 10, 2);
+            $table->decimal('total', 10, 2);
+            $table->enum('refund_method', ['cash', 'credit_card', 'debit_card']);
+            $table->enum('reason', ['defective', 'wrong_product', 'change_of_mind', 'damaged', 'other']);
+            $table->text('notes')->nullable();
+            $table->timestamps();
+            $table->softDeletes();
+
+            // Índices para optimizar consultas
+            $table->index('sale_id');
+            $table->index('return_number');
+            $table->index('cash_register_id');
+            $table->index('created_at');
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('returns');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_01_25_163051_create_return_details_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,38 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('return_details', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->foreignId('return_id')->constrained()->onDelete('cascade');
+            $table->foreignId('sale_detail_id')->constrained()->onDelete('restrict');
+            $table->foreignId('inventory_id')->constrained()->onDelete('restrict');
+            $table->string('product_name');
+            $table->integer('quantity_returned');
+            $table->decimal('unit_price', 10, 2);
+            $table->decimal('subtotal', 10, 2);
+            $table->timestamps();
+
+            // Índices
+            $table->index('return_id');
+            $table->index('sale_detail_id');
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('return_details');
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_01_25_163115_add_return_detail_id_to_inventory_serials_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        // Agregar nuevo estado 'devuelto' al enum status
+        DB::statement("ALTER TABLE inventory_serials MODIFY COLUMN status ENUM('disponible', 'vendido', 'devuelto') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'disponible'");
+
+        Schema::table('inventory_serials', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->foreignId('return_detail_id')
+                ->nullable()
+                ->after('sale_detail_id')
+                ->constrained()->onDelete('set null');
+
+            $table->index('return_detail_id');
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('inventory_serials', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->dropForeign(['return_detail_id']);
+            $table->dropIndex(['return_detail_id']);
+            $table->dropColumn('return_detail_id');
+        });
+
+        DB::statement("ALTER TABLE inventory_serials MODIFY COLUMN status ENUM('disponible', 'vendido') NOT NULL DEFAULT 'disponible'");
+    }
+};

database/migrations/2026_01_25_163148_add_returns_tracking_to_cash_registers_table.php

@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Run the migrations.
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('cash_registers', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->decimal('cash_sales', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('total_sales');
+            $table->decimal('card_sales', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('cash_sales');
+            $table->decimal('total_cash_received', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('card_sales');
+            $table->decimal('total_change_given', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('total_cash_received');
+            $table->decimal('total_returns', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('total_change_given');
+            $table->decimal('cash_returns', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('total_returns');
+            $table->decimal('card_returns', 10, 2)->default(0)->after('cash_returns');
+            $table->integer('returns_count')->default(0)->after('card_returns');
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Reverse the migrations.
+     */
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('cash_registers', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->dropColumn([
+                'cash_sales',
+                'card_sales',
+                'total_cash_received',
+                'total_change_given',
+                'total_returns',
+                'cash_returns',
+                'card_returns',
+                'returns_count',
+            ]);
+        });
+    }
+};

routes/api.php

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@
 use App\Http\Controllers\App\PriceController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\App\ReportController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\App\SaleController;
+use App\Http\Controllers\App\ReturnController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\App\FacturaDataController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\App\InventorySerialController;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
@@ -47,6 +48,17 @@
     Route::resource('/sales', SaleController::class);
     Route::put('/sales/{sale}/cancel', [SaleController::class, 'cancel']);
 
+    // DEVOLUCIONES
+    Route::prefix('returns')->group(function () {
+        Route::get('/', [ReturnController::class, 'index']);
+        Route::get('/{return}', [ReturnController::class, 'show']);
+        Route::post('/', [ReturnController::class, 'store']);
+        Route::put('/{return}/cancel', [ReturnController::class, 'cancel']);
+    });
+
+    // Items que pueden ser devueltos de una venta
+    Route::get('/sales/{sale}/returnable', [ReturnController::class, 'returnable']);
+
     // Rutas de caja
     Route::prefix('cash-registers')->group(function () {
         Route::get('/', [CashRegisterController::class, 'index']);